Studies on Deception essays

Studies on Deception essays Deception in research occurs when researchers withhold information or misinform the participants purposely about the research. Deception gives false information about investigators or the purpose of the research or omitting information about the purpose of the research. The five articles chosen for this literature review include the rise and fall of deception in social psychology and personality research, and how deception is used intentionally in research. The Rise and Fall of Deception in Social Psychology and Personality Research Deception in research has occurred for many years and with many studies. Deception was rarely used during the developmental years in the 1930s, but grew gradually until the 1950s. Due to changes in experimental methods, popularity of realistic effect experiments, and the influence of cognitive dissonance theory, deception increased during the years of 1950s and 1970s. Several surveys of literature have been used to complete this study to determine the length and depth of deception and its use. In this article, authors Nicks, Korn, and Mainieri wanted to explain the periods that deception was used the most and how participants were used in Deception can be defined in many ways, for example; a misstatement of fact or a false purpose for an experiment. In this study, articles from different times of years were used and the author of each responsible year would read articles during that timeframe and detect how many articles used deception in research. For example, the first author read the method sections of all articles from 1921 through 1948 that used human participants in JASP, and the second author repeated the search for JASP articles from 1921 through 1933. In the second phase of the research covered the periods of 1940 through 1994, and during this phase six different raters used a standard scoring sheet to determine...

Growth of Urgent Care Centers

Growth of Urgent Care Centers Abstract The need for urgent care in the current health care system is irresistible. Various reasons have been cited to be the cause of increased demand for urgent care centers including crowded hospital emergency departments, insufficient clinicians to provide primary care as well as the rising health care cost.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Growth of Urgent Care Centers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most importantly, the inefficiencies and long queues in hospital emergency departments have been the main drivers for increased consumer demand for urgent care centers. Essentially, urgent care units have been perceived by the populace as critical in improving accessibility to immediate medical services at affordable costs. In fact, urgent care centers make available walk-in care for simple ailments due to minor infections and injuries that need immediate attention. However, urgent care centers do not nece ssarily deal with complex emergency cases. In most cases, urgent care centers offer treatments and care ranging from simple injuries and illnesses to most complex treatments including blood transfusion and X-rays though not life threatening. Actually, urgent care centers are not equipped to handle life threatening emergency cases. Introduction The current health care system in US is struggling with the problem of over stretched hospital emergency department capacity, limited clinicians to provide primary care as well as constant increase in health care cost (Petterson, 2012). As such, urgent care centers have come out as an option to the increasing health problems that need immediate attention. Essentially, urgent care units have been perceived by the populace as critical in improving accessibility to immediate medical services at affordable costs (Landen, 2013).Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper wit h 15% OFF Learn More Besides, the growth in urgent care centers in the recent past indicates the consumer increased demand for immediate medical services. In fact, urgent care centers offer medical services for minor illnesses and injuries that need pressing consideration. However, the centers are not fully equipped to handle complicated emergencies. Studies indicate mixed data on the impact of urgent care centers on health care. However, the rising optimism among the health professionals and the public indicate positive effects in terms of costs and accessibility to medical services (Fields Dorren, 2013). In most cases, urgent care centers have contributed to reduced visits and long queues in hospital emergency departments. Other studies directly link urgent care centers to increased accessibility and reduced health care costs. Moreover, most studies indicate that the growth of urgent care centers is driven by consumer demand. While the growth in urgent care center s is seen as disruptive to the health care coordination in some quarters, proponents argue that the concerns may be overstated given the fact that urgent care centers put much emphasis on intervallic and uncomplicated health conditions instead of chronic and multifaceted cases (Japsen, 2013). The future growth potential of urgent care centers is bright given the expansion of heath care coverage under the health care reforms. The expansion of health coverage would lead to increased pressure on both primary and emergency care living room for the growth and expansion of urgent care centers. Background of the Study The popularity of urgent care centers cannot be ignored due to their simplicity in people management and range of services they offer to patients. According to Urgent Care Association of America (UCAOA), over three million Americans are visiting the urgent care centers weekly.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Growth of Urgent Care Centers spe cifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, urgent care centers are offering treatments and care ranging from simple injuries and illnesses to most complex treatments that do not need complicated equipments (McQueen, 2011). However, urgent care centers are not provided with complicated equipments to handle severe cases including multifaceted surgeries. Essentially, urgent care centers do not have appropriate equipments to offer multifaceted medical services. The increasing numbers of urgent care centers correspond to rising demand for efficiency in offering emergency services. Health data indicate that urgent care centers have increased by over twenty percent since the year 2008. The reasons for rapid growth and development of urgent care centers range from efficiency in services delivery to reduced costs. Generally, most of the clients visit urgent cares centers to avoid long queues, which normally characterize emergency rooms in major hospital s and care providers (Weinick, Burns Mehrotra, 2014). Besides, the growth of urgent care centers is expected to continue given the expected expansion of health coverage (Betancourt Weinick, 2007). Essentially, the cause and effects of urgent care centers on health care provision has been sparingly understood. Moreover, the appropriate promotional strategies that lead to increased patients in urgent care units need to be determined. The need for more information on urgent care centers necessitates the study. Even though urgent care centers are increasingly becoming popular, most of the specialists in the field tend to be worry of their increasing attractiveness. In particular, physicians argue that the increasing trend in growth of urgent care centers may cause deficiency in the coordination of health care provision (Turner, 2013). However, proponents argue that the concerns may be overstated given the fact that urgent care centers put much emphasis on intervallic and uncomplicated health conditions instead of chronic and multifaceted cases.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Problem Statement The need for urgent care centers are continuously increasing given the problems current health care system in US is facing. In fact, current health care system is struggling with the problem of over stretched hospital emergency department capacity, inadequate health professionals as well as steady rise in health care cost (Yee, Lechner Boukus, 2013). Moreover, most of the consumers are struggling with cost constraints and inefficiencies in major emergency departments. As such, urgent care centers have come out as an option to the increasing health problems that need instantaneous awareness. In other words, consumers have perceived urgent care units as alternative to improved accessibility to affordable immediate medical services. Besides, the growth in urgent care centers in the recent past indicates the consumer increased demand for immediate medical services. As indicated, urgent care centers provide walk-in care for ailments and accidents that need immediate at tention though not necessarily complex injuries (Lowes, 2013). Besides, given the expansion of heath care coverage under the health care reforms, the need for urgent care centers will increase tremendously as major hospitals emergency departments will be more crowded (Fields Dorren, 2013). In other words, the expansion of health coverage would lead to increased pressure on both primary and emergency care. As such, urgent care centers will be needed to provide for excess capacity. Purpose of the Study The major aim of the study is to determine factors that contribute to the growth of urgent care centers. In other words, the main purpose of the study is to determine variables that result in increased growth in demand for urgent care centers particularly within the five boroughs of New York. Specifically, the study tends to determine whether efficiency in services delivery and reduced costs are major determinants in the increased growth and expansion of urgent care centers. Broadly, t he study tends to understand factors that contribute to the expansion of urgent care centers as well as the manner in which urgent care centers operate. Objectives Even though the major aim of the study is to determine factors that contribute to the growth and expansion of urgent care centers, the specific objectives of the study include To determine the number of patients visiting urgent care centers as well as physician to patients ratio To determine whether having many locations help in building urgent care center’s population growth To determine whether having a short wait time is a positive or negative aspect in urgent care center’s services provision To determine the results of City MD urgent care center in Manhattan, New York To determine whether having the motto â€Å"patient first† can hinder employees’ ability to serve each patient To determine the types of promotions that would cause increased growth of urgent care centers To determine employe es’ reactions to fast growing City MD urgent care centers Research Questions Upon completion of the study, the following questions will be answered How many patients report to urgent care centers and what is the physician to patient ratio? How does having many locations help in building the urgent care’s population growth? Can having a short wait time be a positive or negative aspect in patients’ services delivery at urgent care centers? What results have been seen since the opening of City MD urgent care center in Manhattan, New York? Is having the motto â€Å"patient first† hinder employees ability to serve each patient? What different kinds of promotions allow the potential growth of urgent care centers? What are the reactions of employees to fast growing City MD urgent care centers? Significance of the Study The study will be critical in understanding the dynamics and processes involved in the operations of urgent care centers. Moreover, the study will be useful in providing information on urgent care centers and the manner in which they differ from private practices and hospitals as well as emergency departments. Most importantly, the study will be useful in understanding the effectiveness of urgent care centers in terms of services delivery and costs. Besides, the study will provide insights on how urgent care centers works particularly through the application of business ideas. In addition, the study conclusion and recommendations will provide guidelines to the urgent care practitioners on how to improve their effectiveness in services delivery. In other words, the study findings will enable practitioners to implement urgent care effectively by preparing a framework for the strategy. As such, this research will assist organizations that operate urgent care centers particularly City MD to understand the manner in which urgent care centers operates and their importance in order to improve the clients’ satisfaction. St udy Limitations The research scope is limited to few selected participants or small sample size to make the results have reliable and valid conclusions. In addition, the study is limited to only one institution in which urgent care centers have been adopted. In other words, urgent care centers both private and institutional based need to be studied in order to come up with valid and reliable conclusion. As such, the study findings cannot suitably be adopted in cross-industrial applications due to this limitation. Besides, there are limitations in terms of finances, time, research materials and the study expatriates particularly where interviews techniques will be applied. Literature Review The Growth and Expansion of Urgent Care Centers Urgent care centers have proliferated and grown considerably in the last two decades. The rapid growth and development of the urgent care centers has been attributed to the inefficiencies in the primary care deliveries, crowded emergency departments and the need to for increased accessibility to immediate medical attention (Betancourt Weinick, 2007). Essentially, urgent care centers provide medical services based on walk-ins. Besides offering the medical services during the regular business hours, urgent care units offer their services during weekend and evenings (Betancourt Weinick, 2007). In most cases, urgent care centers offer medical services usually provided by primary care units ranging from flu to minor ear or eye infections. Contrary to hospital emergency departments, urgent care units are not fully equipped to deal with complex medical services situations. In terms of staffing, physicians with professional backgrounds in emergency medicine or primary care manage urgent care centers (Galewitz, 2012). Though urgent care centers emerged in early eighties, most of the practitioners lacked clear marketing strategy to attract the interest of consumers. However, demands for urgent care units have been increasing consistent ly as the need for increased accessibility and efficiency in emergency medical services increases (Japsen, 2013). Current studies linking primary care physicians and health care services delivery indicate deteriorating provision of health services particularly during the extended hours. The void is filled by urgent care centers prompting their rapid growth in the recent past (Landen, 2013). Before, urgent care centers were being managed and owned by independent private entities. However, increased growth and expansion of urgent care centers have led to large units being managed by big hospitals and chain of entities (Japsen, 2013). Moreover, hospital systems are expanding in urgent care systems to increase their services offerings. Besides, insurers have also embraced the low cost systems of urgent care centers thereby shifting some of the medical care from emergency departments to urgent care centers. Essentially, insurers believe that urgent care centers cost less compared with em ergency care departments (Weinick et al., 2014). Factors Influencing Location and Ownership of Urgent Care Centers Market dynamics is one of the major factors influencing the ownership and location of urgent care centers (O’Malley, 2013). Urgent care centers are likely to be located in populous areas particularly in metropolis with the presence of vehicles and human traffic. Besides, urgent care centers are also likely to be located in affluent environments particularly in sub-urban with large employed populace and employer-sponsored health coverage (Weinick et al., 2014). The reason for targeting large population is that urgent care centers are volume-driven model. In other words, urgent care centers need sufficient population to breakeven. According to the Urgent Care Association of America (UCAOA), urgent care units whether independently owned or affiliated with hospitals are often found within the urban or suburban areas. The presence of urgent care units in these areas m irrors the greater need of health care delivery systems in these markets (McQueen, 2011). Factors Influencing the Growth of Urgent Care Centers The increasing numbers of urgent care centers corresponds to rising demand for services they offer. Health data indicate that urgent care centers have increased by over twenty percent since the year 2008. The reason for rapid growth and development of urgent care centers include increased efficiency in services delivery as well as reduced costs. Most clients visit urgent cares centers to avoid long queues, which normally characterize emergency rooms in major hospitals and care providers (Weinick et al., 2014). Another factor contributing to the growth of the urgent care centers include the ready funding particularly from the equity borrowers (Eng, 1997). Besides, the growth of urgent care centers is expected to continue in the next two years due expanded health coverage due to the implementation of affordable care act. The implementation of the act will enable health services be affordable to million Americans. Studies indicate majority of Americans have no regular doctors. As such, they opt for urgent care centers for immediate attention for simple ailments (Betancourt Weinick, 2007). The growth opportunities for urgent care centers have attracted funding particularly from equity borrowers that tend to be privy of risk taking (Eng, 1997). Essentially, affordability is one of the major factors that contribute to increased growth of urgent care centers. While prices might seem to be the same with hospitals emergency rooms, a visit to urgent care centers may save the patient two times less compared to visiting hospital emergency rooms (Mehrotra, 2009). Studies indicate that twenty percent of medical cases in hospital emergency rooms can be treated in urgent care centers. The effect in terms of cost saving is huge. In other words, treatments in urgent care centers would result in an estimated savings of over $4 billion a nnually. The low-cost strategy has prompted insurance providers to opt for urgent care centers in their provider networks. Moreover, most of the hospitals have added urgent care centers in their services due to increased consumer demand. Besides cost, the selling efficiency is another factor. In fact, most of the patients prefer efficient and affordable services. Efficient offering of services is a critical success factor in urgent care centers (Mehrotra, 2009). In fact, saving time is critical selling point in urgent care centers. For instance, in most of the urgent care centers admission and discharge within an hour remain a priority goal. In addition, patient waiting monitoring systems in urgent care centers ensure that patient does not take more than an hour in the waiting room. Research Methodology and Design Introduction The research study will be qualitative conducted to establish factors that contribute to the rapid growth of urgent care centers. The data will be collected f rom both primary and secondary sources. In other words, the study will utilize secondary data sources such as related journal articles from electronic database and library. However, the study will basically utilize primary data collected through interviews and surveys. The empirical data will be collected through the application of specified number of participants. In addition, the number of participants will be limited to 10 respondents that will be chosen through simple random sampling procedures. Design and Statistical Procedures As indicated, the study will primarily utilize the qualitative methods of data collection majorly surveys and interviews. The methods of data collection are chosen due to their effectiveness of reaching out to the respondents and the quality of the obtained data (Bazeley, 2002). Moreover, the data will be gathered from respondents selected through random sampling procedures. Besides, in terms of data analysis, integrated statistical analysis tools includ ing Microsoft office applications and statistical software will be applied (Patton, 2002). The analyzed data will be presented through the application of line graphs, tables as well as statistical bar charts. Further, the methods of data collection are chosen due to the reliability and validity of the obtained results (Bazeley, 2002). On the other hand, the study will utilize secondary data sources such as related journal articles from electronic database and library. The secondary information will be subjected to content analysis in order to provide an insight on the study subject. Sampling Procedures The study focuses on the contributing factors to the rapid growth of urgent care centers. Therefore, doctors working in urgent care centers, physicians and City MD urgent care center employees as well as patients are deemed viable for the study. However, only a small number of participants including five patients and five employees or staff will be selected through random sampling pro cedures (Trochim, 2006). In addition, other personal attributes including gender, age, experience and academic qualifications will also be taken into consideration. From the total number of patients and staff that may be sampled, just 10 participants from City MD will be selected via a technique dubbed as convenience simple random sampling strategy (Trochim, 2006). The interviews as well as a survey will be conducted to help in addressing the formulated research questions. Data Collection Procedures As one of the most important studies in health care system, the information will be collected through administering properly designed survey questionnaires as well as conducting well-structured in-depth interviews to unbiased selected participants (Patton, 2002). The soundly designed survey and interview questionnaires will be administered to 10 participants constituting five patients and five employees. Each part of the questionnaires will constitute key items that suitably attend to th e research questions. In addition, data collected through secondary sources will provide insight on the dynamics and operations of the urgent care centers. In other words, the study will utilize secondary data sources such as related journal articles from electronic database and library that will provide an insight on the study topic. Proposed Data Analysis To obtain the best correlation approximation values, the study quantitative data analysis will be carried out by utilizing the integrated Statistical Analysis Tool (WISAT). The quantitative data, which form the bulk of information, will be analyzed through the application of various techniques including statistical analytical software such as the SPSS to come up with measures such as percentages, frequency distribution and deviations to help in the understanding of the type of correlation between the variables (Patton, 2002). The techniques will be used to determine the research respondents’ proportions that chose various responses. The method will be applied for each group of items available in the questionnaire that ideally corresponds to the formulated research question and objectives. Line graphs, tables as well as statistical bar charts will be used to make sure that quantitative data analysis is simply comprehensible. Besides, the secondary data will be subjected to content analysis in order to provide an insight on the subject of study. References Bazeley, P. (2002). Computerised data analysis for mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Betancourt, R. M. Weinick, R. M. (2007). No appointment needed the resurgence of urgent care centers in the United States. Oakland, CA: California HealthCare Foundation. Eng, S. (1997). Workplace diversity means commitment, persistence. Retrieved from: http://search.proquest.com.proxy.davenport.edu/docview/255503278?accountid=40195 Fields, G. Dorren, C. J. (2013). Doctor shortage: for the mentally ill, finding treatment grows harder. Retrieved from: http://search.proquest.com.proxy.davenport.edu/docview/1469987574/BAFAC864F0904305PQ/2?accountid=40195 Galewitz, P. (2012). Urgent care centers are booming, which worries some doctors. Retrieved from: kaiserhealthnews.org/stories/2012/september/18/urgent-care-centers.aspx Japsen, B. (2013). A boom in urgent care centers as entitlement cuts loom. Retrieved from: forbes.com/sites/brucejapsen/2013/03/11/a-boom-in-urgent-care-centers-as-entitlement-cuts-loom/ Landen, R. (2013). Study says urgent-care centers filling void. Retrieved from modernhealthcare.com/article/20130711/MODERNPHYSICIAN/307119974# Lowes, R. (2013). Urgent care centers divert patients from PCPs, EDs alike. Retrieved from: medscape.com/viewarticle/807775 McQueen, M. P. (2011). Health costs: centers for urgent care. Retrieved from: http://search.proquest.com.proxy.davenport.edu/docview/858775249/4B4A842B0BE34061PQ/2?accountid=40195 Mehrotra, A. (2009). Comparing costs and quality of care at retail clinics with that of o ther medical settings for three common illnesses. Annals of Internal Medicine, 151(5), 87-95. O’Malley, A. S. (2013). After-hours access to primary care practices linked with lower emergency department use and less unmet medical need,† Health Affairs, 32(1), 231-237. Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Petterson, S. M. (2012). Projecting U.S. primary care physician workforce needs 2010-2025. Annals of Family Medicine, 10(6), 201-209. Yee, T., Lechner, A. E., Boukus, E. R. (2013). The surge in urgent care centers: emergency department alternative or costly convenience? Retrieved from: hschange.com/CONTENT/1366/ Trochim, W. (2006). The research methods knowledge base. Cincinnati, OH: Atomic Dog Publishing. Turner, T. D. (2013). Theres no urgent in an urgent care. Retrieved from: http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2013-07-17/news/ct-x-0717-trice-column-20130717_1_emergency-room-emergency-care-urgent-care-association W einick, R. M., Burns, R. M., Mehrotra, A. (2014). Many emergency department visits could be managed at urgent care centers and retail clinics. Health Affairs, 29(9), 344-351.

Jews in Socio-Religious Seclusion and Persecution Essay

Jews in Socio-Religious Seclusion and Persecution - Essay Example God gave the 10 commandments and other rules to the Jewish people by which they were to live and, this commandments and rules are contained in the first five books of the Old Testament and are referred to as the Torah. These commandments and rules contain the structures of the Judaism religion. Key religious beliefs as a religion include the belief in one God who is Supreme, all-powerful, just and he who reveals himself to people and they refer to Him as JHWH or Yahweh. They have a profession of faith called the Shema, which is recited in their morning and evening services that says, hear oh Israel, the Lord Our God, the Lord is one. Their central is the Torah or Pentateuch as it was revealed to Moses and it is included in the first five books of the Old Testament (Solomon, 2009). They have the Talmud, which is an interpretation and explanation of Hebrew laws, and it is done in Palestinian and Babylonian interpretations (Solomon, 2009). They follow strict laws in the area of diet and they refer to religiously prepared food as Kosher which implies that it suitable from a religious perspective. They do not believe in instinctive evil or that man has sinned or that he has impurity because they believe that man was made in Gods image. The Jews were persecuted and secluded by the diaspora socially and religiously due to the fact that their religious beliefs were different, being referred to an atheist for their failure to believe in pagan gods of some of the countries concerned. They were known to love learning, and had skill in the art of medicine, and seemed also to be a threat to other people in the Diaspora due to their economic well-being. The hatred for the Jews had been taught for centuries and seems to have taken root in Britain, Germany, Poland, and France, Lithuania, Austria, Russia, Norway other countries.

Business ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Business ethics - Essay Example Each year, the company rates 20% of its employees below their requirements and ultimately, they were asked to leave the company (Jennings, 2009, p. 288). This rating system brought more harm to company than benefits. First, Enron’s rigorous performance evaluation standards and competitive environment resulted in a deceptive culture. Since employees began to have job insecurity, they emphasized only on how to make their performance look better. They ignored the ethical norms and began to focus on achieving their financial goals. Few employees started to cheat on their work. The only way to halt them was to cheat more. Very soon, every other person in the company was cheating and it became a prevalent conception since they were left with no choice and were also surrounded by those co-workers who were doing the same. This caused a deceptive culture of the company. Employees were evaluated on their ability to cheat. Second, such competitive environment led to covering of the mista kes and cheating, because employees seldom communicate with each other and were very un-cooperative. Employees were not encouraged to ask questions because asking question was considered as humiliating. In addition to that, they were also less willing to share information and resources because they were competing with each other. Therefore, in Enron, no one was asking anyone any questions and no one wanted to answer any questions. In this way, the employees of Enron began to ignore mistakes and errors and just focused on making their work look good. Such ethical problems had ripple effect and contributed to Enron’s ethical scandal. At Enron, both employees and executives behaved in an unethical and illegal manner since they were encountered with conflicts of interest. They all were self-interested and greedy. Major Causes of Enron’s Collapse After the fall down of the company, people started making its synonyms as corporate fraud and corruption. At one hand, the compan y contributed to charity with huge amount of money but systematically, on other hand, in 1990s, it swindled its financial statements along with an audit firm, named as Arthur Anderson. Enron’s method was systematic and creative. Its accounting practices and financial statements were not clear. For instance, the company made its practices of noting costs of those projects that have been cancelled as assets. Nevertheless, on other hand, there was no explanation as official letter, which states that the project has been cancelled. Such practices had ‘snowball effect’. Moreover, it has also created special reasons for raising profitability and avoiding taxes. It gave liberty to the management to hide losses and move currency. The CFO, Andrew Fastow was the mastermind behind the arrangement of all these practices. Such arrangements enabled him, his family and friends make millions of dollars at the cost of their stakeholders. Some of the actions of this reputable and responsible company were just like gambling. In the year 2000, the share price of Enron was at its peak i.e. at $90. Enron’s Executives already knew what was happening inside the company therefore; they started to sell their shares. On 5 March 2001, Article of Bethany McLean â€Å"Is Enron Overpriced?† further reduced the stock price of the company. She played a vital role in revealing the huge debt of Enron. Slowly and gradually, the stock price

The Concept of Non-being and Being Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Concept of Non-being and Being - Essay Example Laozi was born in the Chu, in the Zhou dynasty and was the curator of the royal archives at the court of Zhou. He founded and taught Daoism. He is reputed to have been commended by Confucius and consulted by him on the rites. On the occasion of Laozi’s departure from China, he was supposedly requested by Yin Xi, the official in charge of the border pass, to write down his teachings. This resulted in a book of about five thousand Chinese characters, divided into two parts, discussing the meaning of the Dao and Virtue. The debate continues as to whether Laozi was a legend and whether the Daodejing is the work of a single writer, or a compendium of texts, compiled by several authors. However, the date of the Laozi is generally acknowledged to be the fourth century B.C. E. (Shan. Stanford Encyclopedia). The word Dao Way. Over the years, Dao has come to designate natural laws and principles. Laozi advocated the Dao as the origin of all things and as the ultimate reality. The Laozi deals with the Dao, how it finds expression in virtue (de), through the practice of naturalness (guan) and non-action. The four great categories of existence are man, the earth, heaven and the Dao, which are interrelated. The underlying, basic tenet of Daoism is that all things originate from the Dao and then return to the Dao. All things are structurally constituted of opposites: such as good/evil; beauty/ugliness; tranquility/agitation. The concept of virtue, or ‘de’ in Daoism, connotes the â€Å"spontaneous creative capacity inside all things† (Shen. 358), which leads everything back to the Dao. Virtue is the inherent day in all things after they come into being. Human beings can attain the supreme virtue through the effort.

Integrity and Values Essay Example for Free

Integrity and Values Essay Integrity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. Barbara Killinger offers a traditional definition: Integrity is a personal choice, an uncompromising and predictably consistent commitment to honour moral, ethical, spiritual and artistic values and principles. [1] In ethics, integrity is regarded[by whom? ] as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy For other uses, see Integrity (disambiguation) Integrity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. Barbara Killinger offers a traditional definition: Integrity is a personal choice, an uncompromising and predictably consistent commitment to honour moral, ethical, spiritual and artistic values and principles. [1] In ethics, integrity is regarded[by whom? ] as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of ones actions. Integrity can stand in opposition tohypocrisy,[2] in that judging with the standards of integrity involves regarding internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that parties holding within themselves apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter their beliefs. The word integrity stems from the Latin adjectiveinteger (whole, complete). [3] In this context, integrity is the inner sense of wholeness deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency ofcharacter. As such, one may judge that others have integrity to the extent that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold. A value systems abstraction depth and range of applicable interaction may also function as significant factors in identifying integrity due to their congruence or lack of congruence with observation. A value system may evolve over time[4] while retaining integrity if those who espouse the values account for and resolve inconsistencies. [5] ones actions. Integrity can For other uses, see Integrity (disambiguation) Integrity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. Barbara Killinger offers a traditional definition: Integrity is a personal choice, an uncompromising and predictably consistent commitment to honour moral, ethical, spiritual and artistic values and principles. [1] In ethics, integrity is regarded[by whom? ] as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of ones actions. Integrity can stand in opposition tohypocrisy,[2] in that judging with the standards of integrity involves regarding internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that parties holding within themselves apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter their beliefs. The word integrity stems from the Latin adjectiveinteger (whole, complete). [3] In this context, integrity is the inner sense of wholeness deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency ofcharacter. As such, one may judge that others have integrity to the extent that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold. A value systems abstraction depth and range of applicable interaction may also function as significant factors in identifying integrity due to their congruence or lack of congruence with observation. A value system may evolve over time[4] while retaining integrity if those who espouse the values account for and resolve inconsistencies. [5] in opposition tohypocrisy,[2] in that judging with the standards of integrity involves regarding internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that parties holding within themselves apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter their beliefs. The word integrity stems from the Latin adjectiveinteger (whole, complete). [3] In this context, integrity is the inner sense of wholeness deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency ofcharacter. As such, one may judge that others have integrity to the extent that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold.

American Foreign Policy in the 1890s Essay -- essays papers

American Foreign Policy in the 1890s American foreign policy during the 1890s was based on many factors that each acted as an individual justification for our country’s behavior as a whole. Racism, nationalism, commercialism, and humanitarianism each had its own role in the actions America took against other nations. Most Americans were extremely racist during this time period. The predominant culture in the country was white, Anglo-Saxon, Protestants, aka WASPs. They scorned the now free black people and all European immigrants that came to our nation. They gave anyone with the slightest differences a very hard time, whether they were citizens of America or not. If they did such things to their fellow countrymen, their reactions to foreigners was considerably magnified. They criticized Europeans on their foreign practices, especially when it came to Imperialism. But when they caught on to the European’s ideas, they twisted the concept to adjust it to their own needs. That’s when the other major justifications to their foreign policy come in. Humanitarianism was the major justification that Americans used when they established their territories. Americans may have shunned the Europeans’ actions to gain colonies solely for power and prestige, but they certainly weren’t going to let the Europeans be the only ones who practiced what they considered to be a pretty good idea. That’s when Americans twisted their racism around to suit their needs. They felt, as the white race, ...